对于JDK8及以上版本通过CompletableFuture.allOf实现多任务并发进行,必须按照阶段1-2-3顺序整体并行进行复杂场景,代码如下:
package com.xwood.java8.threads;@b@@b@import java.util.ArrayList;@b@import java.util.List;@b@import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;@b@import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;@b@import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;@b@import java.util.concurrent.Executors;@b@@b@public class CompletableFutureComplexTest {@b@ public static void main(String[] args) {@b@ //原始数据集@b@ CopyOnWriteArrayList<Integer> taskList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList();@b@ taskList.add(1);@b@ taskList.add(2);@b@ taskList.add(3);@b@ taskList.add(4);@b@@b@ // 结果集@b@ List<Character> resultList = new ArrayList<>();@b@ //线程池,可容纳四个线程@b@ ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);@b@ //执行四次任务:按照1-2-3顺序执行:1-转ascii码->2-转字符->3-加入结果集@b@ CompletableFuture[] cfs = taskList.stream()@b@ //第一阶段@b@ .map(integer -> CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(@b@ () -> calcASCII(integer), executorService)@b@ //第二阶段@b@ .thenApply(i -> {@b@ char c = (char) (i.intValue());@b@ System.out.println("【阶段2】线程"@b@ + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "执行完毕,"@b@ + "已将int"@b@ + i + "转为了字符" + c);@b@ return c;@b@ })@b@ //第三阶段@b@ .whenComplete((ch, e) -> {@b@ resultList.add(ch);@b@ System.out.println("【阶段3】线程" +@b@ Thread.currentThread().getName() + "执行完毕," + "已将"@b@ + ch + "增加到了结果集" + resultList + "中");@b@ executorService.shutdown();@b@ })@b@ ).toArray(CompletableFuture[]::new);@b@@b@ // 封装后无返回值,必须自己whenComplete()获取@b@ CompletableFuture.allOf(cfs).join();//future.get()@b@@b@@b@ System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"完成!result=" + resultList);@b@ }@b@@b@ //计算i的ASCII值@b@ public static Integer calcASCII(Integer i) {@b@ try {@b@ if (i == 1) {@b@ Thread.sleep(5000);@b@ } else {@b@ Thread.sleep(1000);@b@ }@b@ //数字 -> A-D对应的ascii@b@ i = i + 64;@b@ System.out.println("【阶段1】线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName()@b@ + "执行完毕," + "已将" + i@b@ + "转为了A(或B或C或D)对应的ASCII" + i);@b@ } catch (InterruptedException e) {@b@ e.printStackTrace();@b@ }@b@ return i;@b@ }@b@}
控制台结果
【阶段1】线程pool-1-thread-3执行完毕,已将67转为了A(或B或C或D)对应的ASCII67@b@【阶段1】线程pool-1-thread-2执行完毕,已将66转为了A(或B或C或D)对应的ASCII66@b@【阶段1】线程pool-1-thread-4执行完毕,已将68转为了A(或B或C或D)对应的ASCII68@b@【阶段2】线程pool-1-thread-2执行完毕,已将int66转为了字符B@b@【阶段2】线程pool-1-thread-3执行完毕,已将int67转为了字符C@b@【阶段2】线程pool-1-thread-4执行完毕,已将int68转为了字符D@b@【阶段3】线程pool-1-thread-3执行完毕,已将C增加到了结果集[null, C]中@b@【阶段3】线程pool-1-thread-2执行完毕,已将B增加到了结果集[null, C]中@b@【阶段3】线程pool-1-thread-4执行完毕,已将D增加到了结果集[null, C, D]中@b@【阶段1】线程pool-1-thread-1执行完毕,已将65转为了A(或B或C或D)对应的ASCII65@b@【阶段2】线程pool-1-thread-1执行完毕,已将int65转为了字符A@b@【阶段3】线程pool-1-thread-1执行完毕,已将A增加到了结果集[null, C, D, A]中@b@main完成!result=[null, C, D, A]